People differ in many ways, and one of the ways that we differ that’s very relevant to the language-learning classroom is in our personality! When we consider describing someone’s personality, we often think of how outgoing or shy they are. And it’s easy to assume that outgoing people are naturally better at language learning than their shy peers. After all, extroverts tend to put themselves in situations where they can practice speaking more often than shy learners. Extroverts also tend to be more outspoken than introverts in the classroom and, as a result, get more practice and perhaps more attention from the teacher and their classmates.
Introversion is a personality trait that describes people who prefer to focus on their own thoughts and feelings rather than on external stimuli. Introverts tend to be more quiet, reserved, and reflective than extroverts, who are more outgoing, sociable, and expressive. As teachers, it’s important to remember that introversion is not a disorder or a weakness, but rather a natural variation in personality. Teachers might even mistakenly interpret shyness in the classroom as lack of interest or ability.
There are many benefits to being an introvert, such as having a rich inner world, being able to concentrate deeply, and being sensitive to others’ emotions. However, introverts may also face some challenges in learning a foreign language, especially in a classroom setting that often favors extroverted behaviors such as speaking up, participating in group activities, and interacting with strangers. Teachers of English as a second language can benefit from being aware of the psychological needs and preferences of their introverted students because we can better provide them with appropriate support and guidance if we understand their needs better.
Here are some ways that a TEFL teacher can help an introverted student:
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Respect the student’s personality and learning style. Don’t try to change them or make them act more extroverted. Instead, acknowledge their strengths and encourage them to use them in their language learning process.
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Give the student enough time to think and prepare before speaking. Introverts often need more time to process information and formulate their responses than extroverts. Therefore, avoid putting them on the spot or rushing them to answer questions. Instead, provide them with clear instructions, examples, and feedback, and allow them to rehearse or write down their answers before speaking.
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Use a variety of activities and tasks that suit different levels of interaction and engagement. Introverts may not enjoy or benefit from activities that require too much social exposure or stimulation, such as role plays, debates, or games. Instead, they may prefer activities that allow them to work independently or with a familiar partner, such as reading, writing, listening, or grammar exercises. However, this does not mean that introverts should avoid speaking or communication altogether. Rather, they should be given opportunities to practice their speaking skills in a comfortable and supportive environment, such as with a trusted friend, a small group, or a sympathetic teacher.
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Create a positive and safe classroom atmosphere. Introverts may feel anxious or insecure about speaking in front of others, especially if they fear being judged, criticized, or ridiculed. Therefore, teachers should create a classroom culture that values diversity, respect, and cooperation among students. Teachers should also model positive and constructive feedback, praise students’ efforts and achievements, and avoid negative or harsh comments that may discourage or demotivate students.
These are some of the ways that a TEFL teacher can help an introverted student learn English as a second language. By understanding the psychology of introversion and applying some of these strategies, teachers can help their introverted students overcome their challenges and reach their full potential as language learners. If you would like to suggest more ways we can help our shy students, feel free to comment!