Language learning can be a challenging process, but one concept that can make it easier and more effective is that of comprehensible input. Developed by linguist Stephen Krashen, the theory of comprehensible input suggests that language learners acquire language best when they are exposed to language that is just slightly beyond their current level of comprehension.
Comprehensible input is language input that the learner can understand, even though there are some unfamiliar words and grammar structures. The idea is that learners should be challenged to understand new language, but not so much that they become overwhelmed and unable to comprehend the language being presented. One of the key benefits of comprehensible input is that it allows learners to acquire language in a way that is similar to how children acquire their first language. Children are exposed to language that is just beyond their current level of understanding, and as a result, they are able to gradually acquire language skills over time.
The idea of comprehensible input is supported by many studies, and it is widely recognized as an effective approach to language learning. In this post, I will explore the theory of comprehensible input in more detail, and explain how students of English can apply this concept to benefit their study of English as a second language.
How Does Comprehensible Input Work?
Comprehensible input works by providing learners with language that is just beyond their current level of comprehension. When learners are exposed to language that is slightly challenging, they are motivated to try to understand it, and as they work to make sense of the language, they are able to gradually acquire new language skills.
One of the key aspects of comprehensible input is that it is not focused on language instruction. Instead, learners are presented with language in context, and are encouraged to use their own natural language learning abilities to make sense of the language being presented
Comprehensible input can take many forms, including reading, listening to spoken language, and interacting with other speakers of the target language. In all cases, the key is to provide learners with language that is slightly beyond their current level of comprehension, while still being understandable enough to be processed and understood.
Action Points
For students of English as a second language, there are many ways to apply the concept of comprehensible input to benefit language acquisition. Here are a few strategies to consider:
Read English Language Texts
Reading is an excellent way to expose yourself to comprehensible input in English. Choose texts that are just beyond your current level of comprehension, but still understandable enough to be processed and understood. This could include graded readers, news articles or novels. As you read, focus on understanding the general meaning of the text, rather than getting bogged down in unfamiliar words and phrases. Over time, you will gradually acquire new language skills and become more comfortable with the English language. Remember that if you enjoy reading you will naturally read more often, so choose books and articles that interest you or that are fun for you.
Watch English Language Videos
Watching videos is another effective way to expose yourself to comprehensible input in English. Choose videos that are just a little bit more difficult than your current level. They should be understandable enough to get a general understanding. They could include news broadcasts, documentaries, or even television shows and movies. As you watch, focus on understanding the general meaning of the video, rather than focusing too much on unfamiliar language. You will learn more when you enjoy what you’re watching, so watch fun things only! ^^
Interact with Native English Speakers
Interacting with native English speakers is an excellent way to expose yourself to comprehensible input in English. This could include joining a conversation club, finding a language exchange partner, or chatting with your friends who are also learning English. You can join online chats, so even if you live far from native speakers, you can still practice speaking. The great thing about this method is that you get to choose the topics for conversation. You don’t have to follow what your teacher recommends 🙂
If you follow the action points I have described above, you can speed up your learning process and be speaking English at a higher level in no time!